The structure of the cutter

The structure of various tools consists of a clamping part and a working part. The clamping part and the working part of the overall structure cutter are all done on the cutter body; The working part of the toothed cutter (tooth or blade) is mounted on the cutter body.

There are two types of clamping parts of the tool: with a hole and with a shank. The tool with hole relies on the inner hole to be set on the main shaft or mandrel of the machine tool, and transmits the torsional moment with the help of axial keys or face keys, such as cylindrical milling cutters, sleeve face milling cutters, etc.

Knives with shanks are usually available in three types: rectangular, cylindrical, and tapered. Turning tools, planers, etc. are generally rectangular shanks: the tapered shank bears the axial thrust by the taper, and transmits the torque with the help of friction; Cylindrical shanks are generally suitable for smaller twist drills, end mills and other tools, and the torsional moment is transmitted by the friction generated during clamping during cutting. Many shanked knives have shanks made of low-alloy steel, while the working part is made of high-speed steel with the two parts butt welded.

The working part of the tool is the part that generates and processes the chips, including the cutting edge, the structure that breaks or rolls the chips, the space where the chips are evacuated or stored, and the passage of the cutting fluid. The working part of some tools is the cutting part, such as turning tools, planer cutters, boring cutters and milling cutters; Some tools have a cutting part and a calibration part, such as drills, reamers, reamers, internal surface broaches and taps. The function of the cutting part is to remove the chips with the cutting edge, and the function of the calibration part is to polish the machined surface that has been cut and guide the tool.